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PhyslibAlpha.AlgebraicFramework.StarAlgebra.Restrict

Restriction of unital positive linear maps to submodules

We define restriction of positive and unital positive linear maps to submodules, in particular to self-adjoint elements.

10 declarations

definition

Restriction of a positive linear map ff to submodules F1→F2F_1 \to F_2

Given a positive linear map f:E1→E2f : E_1 \to E_2 and submodules F1⊆E1F_1 \subseteq E_1 and F2⊆E2F_2 \subseteq E_2 over a ring SS, such that ff maps F1F_1 into F2F_2 (i.e., ∀x∈F1,f(x)∈F2\forall x \in F_1, f(x) \in F_2), this definition constructs the restriction f∣F1:F1→F2f|_{F_1} : F_1 \to F_2 as a positive linear map.

definition

Restriction of a unital positive linear map ff to submodules F1→F2F_1 \to F_2

Given a unital positive linear map f:E1→E2f : E_1 \to E_2 over a ring RR, and submodules F1⊆E1F_1 \subseteq E_1 and F2⊆E2F_2 \subseteq E_2 over a ring SS, this definition constructs the restriction f∣F1:F1→F2f|_{F_1} : F_1 \to F_2 as a unital positive linear map. This construction requires that F1F_1 and F2F_2 possess multiplicative identities 1F11_{F_1} and 1F21_{F_2} that coincide with the identities of the parent spaces (i.e., 1F1=1E11_{F_1} = 1_{E_1} and 1F2=1E21_{F_2} = 1_{E_2}), and that ff maps elements of F1F_1 into F2F_2 (∀x∈F1,f(x)∈F2\forall x \in F_1, f(x) \in F_2).

definition

Restriction of a positive linear map to self-adjoint elements f∣saf|_{sa}

Given a complex-linear positive map f:A1→A2f : A_1 \to A_2 between two algebras, this definition constructs the induced real-linear positive map f∣sa:selfAdjoint A1→selfAdjoint A2f|_{sa} : \text{selfAdjoint } A_1 \to \text{selfAdjoint } A_2. This map restricts the domain and codomain of ff to the respective submodules of self-adjoint elements, utilizing the property that positive linear maps preserve self-adjointness.

theorem

f∣sa(x)=f(x)f|_{sa}(x) = f(x) for positive linear maps ff

Let A1A_1 and A2A_2 be complex algebras, and let f:A1→A2f: A_1 \to A_2 be a complex-linear positive map. Let f∣sa:selfAdjoint A1→selfAdjoint A2f|_{sa}: \text{selfAdjoint } A_1 \to \text{selfAdjoint } A_2 be the restriction of ff to the submodules of self-adjoint elements. For any self-adjoint element x∈selfAdjoint A1x \in \text{selfAdjoint } A_1, the application of the restricted map f∣saf|_{sa} to xx is equal to the application of the original map ff to xx, i.e., f∣sa(x)=f(x)f|_{sa}(x) = f(x).

definition

Restriction of a positive complex-linear functional to self-adjoint elements f∣sa:selfAdjoint A1→Rf|_{sa} : \text{selfAdjoint } A_1 \to \mathbb{R}

Given a positive complex-linear functional f:A1→Cf : A_1 \to \mathbb{C} on a ∗*-algebra A1A_1, this definition constructs the induced positive real-linear functional f∣sa:selfAdjoint A1→Rf|_{sa} : \text{selfAdjoint } A_1 \to \mathbb{R}. The map restricts the domain of ff to the submodule of self-adjoint elements and identifies the codomain with R\mathbb{R}, utilizing the property that a positive map sends self-adjoint elements to self-adjoint elements (which, in the case of C\mathbb{C}, are the real numbers).

theorem

(f∣sa(x):C)=f(x)(f|_{sa}(x) : \mathbb{C}) = f(x) for positive linear functionals f:A1→Cf : A_1 \to \mathbb{C}

Let A1A_1 be a complex ∗*-algebra and f:A1→Cf: A_1 \to \mathbb{C} be a positive complex-linear functional. Let f∣sa:selfAdjoint A1→Rf|_{sa} : \text{selfAdjoint } A_1 \to \mathbb{R} be the restriction of ff to the submodule of self-adjoint elements of A1A_1. For any x∈selfAdjoint A1x \in \text{selfAdjoint } A_1, the value of the restricted functional f∣sa(x)f|_{sa}(x), when considered as a complex number, is equal to f(x)f(x).

definition

Restriction of a unital positive linear map to self-adjoint elements

Given a unital positive linear map f:A1→A2f : A_1 \to A_2 between complex ∗*-algebras, this definition constructs the restriction of ff to the submodules of self-adjoint elements. The resulting map is a unital positive real-linear map from selfAdjoint A1\text{selfAdjoint } A_1 to selfAdjoint A2\text{selfAdjoint } A_2. This relies on the property that a positive linear map preserves self-adjointness and the identity.

theorem

f∣sa(x)=f(x)f|_{\text{sa}}(x) = f(x) for unital positive linear maps

Let A1A_1 and A2A_2 be complex ∗*-algebras and f:A1→A2f: A_1 \to A_2 be a unital positive linear map. Let f∣sa:selfAdjoint(A1)→selfAdjoint(A2)f|_{\text{sa}}: \text{selfAdjoint}(A_1) \to \text{selfAdjoint}(A_2) denote the restriction of ff to the submodules of self-adjoint elements. For any self-adjoint element x∈selfAdjoint(A1)x \in \text{selfAdjoint}(A_1), it holds that f∣sa(x)=f(x)f|_{\text{sa}}(x) = f(x).

definition

Restriction of a unital positive complex-linear functional to self-adjoint elements

Given a unital positive complex-linear functional f:A1→Cf : A_1 \to \mathbb{C} on a complex ∗*-algebra A1A_1, this definition constructs the restriction of ff to the real subspace of self-adjoint elements selfAdjoint A1\text{selfAdjoint } A_1. Since a positive linear map sends self-adjoint elements to self-adjoint elements, and the self-adjoint elements of C\mathbb{C} are the real numbers R\mathbb{R}, the resulting map is a unital positive real-linear functional from selfAdjoint A1\text{selfAdjoint } A_1 to R\mathbb{R}.

theorem

f∣sa(x)=f(x)f|_{\text{sa}}(x) = f(x) for restricted unital positive complex-linear functionals

Let A1A_1 be a complex ∗*-algebra and let f:A1→Cf : A_1 \to \mathbb{C} be a unital positive linear map. Let f∣sa:selfAdjoint A1→Rf|_{\text{sa}} : \text{selfAdjoint } A_1 \to \mathbb{R} be the restriction of ff to the submodule of self-adjoint elements of A1A_1 (which maps to R\mathbb{R} because positive maps preserve self-adjointness and the self-adjoint elements of C\mathbb{C} are the real numbers R\mathbb{R}). For any self-adjoint element x∈selfAdjoint A1x \in \text{selfAdjoint } A_1, the value f∣sa(x)f|_{\text{sa}}(x), when viewed as a complex number, is equal to f(x)f(x).