Physlib

Physlib.Relativity.Fermions.Weyl.Metric

Metrics of Weyl fermions

We define the metrics for Weyl fermions, often denoted `ε` in the literature. These allow us to go from left-handed to dual-left-handed Weyl fermions and back, and from right-handed to dual-right-handed Weyl fermions and back.

Contraction of metrics

12 declarations

theorem

Expansion of the left-handed Weyl fermion metric ε=e1⊗e0−e0⊗e1\varepsilon = e_1 \otimes e_0 - e_0 \otimes e_1

Let {e0,e1}\{e_0, e_1\} be the standard basis for the complex vector space of left-handed Weyl fermions. The left-handed Weyl fermion metric ε∈L⊗L\varepsilon \in L \otimes L is equal to the tensor product expansion e1⊗e0−e0⊗e1e_1 \otimes e_0 - e_0 \otimes e_1.

definition

Metric tensor ε\varepsilon for dual left-handed Weyl fermions

The metric tensor ε\varepsilon for dual left-handed Weyl fermions, represented as an element of the tensor product space DualLeftHandedWeyl⊗CDualLeftHandedWeyl\text{DualLeftHandedWeyl} \otimes_{\mathbb{C}} \text{DualLeftHandedWeyl}. This tensor is used to transition between different representations of left-handed Weyl fermions and is characterized by the antisymmetric matrix ε=(01−10)\varepsilon = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}.

theorem

The dual left-handed metric ϵ\epsilon equals e0⊗e1−e1⊗e0e^0 \otimes e^1 - e^1 \otimes e^0

Let {e0,e1}\{e^0, e^1\} be the dual basis for the space of left-handed Weyl fermions. The dual left-handed metric, often denoted by ϵ\epsilon, is given by the expansion: ϵ=e0⊗e1−e1⊗e0\epsilon = e^0 \otimes e^1 - e^1 \otimes e^0 where ⊗\otimes denotes the tensor product over the complex numbers C\mathbb{C}.

definition

Invariant metric ε\varepsilon for dual left-handed Weyl fermions

The SL(2,C)SL(2, \mathbb{C})-intertwining map from the tensor product of two dual left-handed Weyl representations to the trivial representation C\mathbb{C}. This map represents the invariant metric, often denoted as εab\varepsilon^{ab}, used to contract two dual left-handed Weyl spinors into a Lorentz scalar.

theorem

The dual left-handed metric applied to 11 equals `dualLeftMetricVal`

The dual left-handed metric ϵ\epsilon for Weyl fermions, when applied to the unit element 11, is equal to the predefined metric value ϵval\epsilon_{\text{val}} (represented by `dualLeftMetricVal`).

theorem

ϵa˙b˙=e1⊗e0−e0⊗e1\epsilon^{\dot{a}\dot{b}} = e_1 \otimes e_0 - e_0 \otimes e_1

Let {e0,e1}\{e_0, e_1\} be the standard basis for the complex vector space of right-handed Weyl fermions. The right-handed metric tensor ϵa˙b˙\epsilon^{\dot{a}\dot{b}} is given by the expansion ϵa˙b˙=e1⊗e0−e0⊗e1\epsilon^{\dot{a}\dot{b}} = e_1 \otimes e_0 - e_0 \otimes e_1.

definition

Metric tensor ε\varepsilon for dual right-handed Weyl spinors

The definition represents the metric tensor ε\varepsilon as an element of the tensor product of the dual right-handed Weyl spinor space with itself, denoted by DualRightHandedWeyl⊗CDualRightHandedWeyl\text{DualRightHandedWeyl} \otimes_{\mathbb{C}} \text{DualRightHandedWeyl}. This tensor is used to facilitate transitions between right-handed and alt-right-handed Weyl fermion representations, typically corresponding to the antisymmetric matrix ε=(01−10)\varepsilon = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}.

theorem

Expansion of the dual right-handed metric as e0⊗e1−e1⊗e0e^0 \otimes e^1 - e^1 \otimes e^0

Let e0e^0 and e1e^1 denote the basis elements of the dual space for right-handed Weyl fermions, corresponding to `dualRightBasis 0` and `dualRightBasis 1`. The dual right-handed metric `dualRightMetricVal` is equal to the antisymmetric tensor product e0⊗e1−e1⊗e0e^0 \otimes e^1 - e^1 \otimes e^0, where ⊗\otimes denotes the tensor product over the complex numbers C\mathbb{C}.

definition

Metric ϵ\epsilon for dual right-handed Weyl fermions

This definition is the SL(2,C)SL(2, \mathbb{C})-intertwining map from the tensor product of two dual right-handed Weyl fermion representations to the trivial representation over C\mathbb{C}. In physics, this corresponds to the invariant metric tensor ϵ\epsilon used to contract indices of dual right-handed spinors.

theorem

`dualRightMetric 1` equals `dualRightMetricVal`

The dual right-handed metric for Weyl fermions (denoted as ϵ\epsilon), when evaluated at 11, is equal to its predefined value `dualRightMetricVal`. This metric is used to transform between right-handed and alt-right-handed Weyl fermion representations.

theorem

Contraction of metrics εab\varepsilon^{ab} and εbc\varepsilon_{bc} equals the unit in L∗⊗LL^* \otimes L

In the theory of Weyl fermions, let LL be the representation space of left-handed spinors and L∗L^* be its dual. Let ε∈L⊗L\varepsilon \in L \otimes L be the left-handed metric and ε∗∈L∗⊗L∗\varepsilon^* \in L^* \otimes L^* be the dual left-handed metric. If we form the tensor product ε⊗ε∗\varepsilon \otimes \varepsilon^*, contract the second component of ε\varepsilon with the first component of ε∗\varepsilon^*, and then swap the remaining LL and L∗L^* components, the resulting tensor in L∗⊗LL^* \otimes L is equal to the canonical unit (the element corresponding to the identity endomorphism idL\text{id}_L).

theorem

εabεbc=δac\varepsilon_{ab} \varepsilon^{bc} = \delta_a^c for left-handed Weyl fermions

Let LL be the left-handed Weyl fermion representation space and L∗L^* be its dual. Let εbc∈L⊗L\varepsilon^{bc} \in L \otimes L be the left-handed metric and εab∈L∗⊗L∗\varepsilon_{ab} \in L^* \otimes L^* be the dual left-handed metric. The theorem states that contracting the second component of the dual metric with the first component of the metric, followed by the canonical braiding (symmetry) of the remaining factors, results in the canonical unit element δac∈L⊗L∗\delta^c_a \in L \otimes L^*. In index notation, this corresponds to the identity εabεbc=δac\varepsilon_{ab} \varepsilon^{bc} = \delta_a^c.